What is the term for the breakdown of red blood cells in a specimen?

Hemolysis is the correct term for the breakdown of red blood cells in a specimen. This process occurs when the red blood cells are destroyed, releasing their contents, including hemoglobin, into the surrounding fluid. Hemolysis can happen as a result of various factors, such as improper specimen handling, exposure to extreme temperatures, or the use of a narrow-bore needle during blood collection. The significance of identifying hemolysis is crucial in laboratory settings, as it can affect the accuracy of test results and lead to misdiagnosis or inappropriate treatment.

Coagulation refers to the process of blood clotting, which is a separate physiological mechanism from the breakdown of red blood cells. Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects blood cells, specifically the white blood cells, and is unrelated to the process of red blood cell breakdown. Thrombosis involves the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel and does not pertain to the destruction of red blood cells. Understanding these distinctions is essential for phlebotomy technicians, as they play a vital role in ensuring the integrity of blood specimens and the accuracy of laboratory tests.